Definition of solar insolation
The amount of electromagnetic energy (solar radiation) incident on the surface of the earth. Basically this means how much sunlight is shining down on us.
The function of the insolation level
By knowing the insolation levels of a particular region we can determine the size of solar collector that is required. An area with poor insolation levels will need a larger collector than an area with high insolation levels. Once you know your region's insolation level you can more accurately calculate collector size and energy output.
The units on expressing Insolation levels
The values are generally expressed in kWh/m2/day. This is the amount of solar energy that strikes a square metre of the earth's surface in a single day. Of course this value is averaged to account for differences in the days' length. There are several units that are used throughout the world.
The conversions based on surface area as follows:
1 kWh/m2/day = 317.1 btu/ft2/day = 3.6MJ/m2/day
The raw energy conversions are:
1kWh = 3412 Btu = 3.6MJ = 859.8kcal
How to judge my region's insolation level low, moderate or high?
The following scale is a basic guide for insolation levels. Although a value of 5 is not considered very high during the summer months, as an average annual value this is very high. You will see that in central Australia , which is a hot, sunny place, the annual average insolation is 5.89.
You may compare your location to the following two extreme locations.
Average annual insolation levels:
Central Australia = 5.89 kWh/m 2 /day - Very High
Helsinki , Finland = 2.41 kWh/m 2 /day - Very Low
To calculate the size of your collector, Please click here to visit the collector sizing page.
Click on the links below to view insolation levels for your region.
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